Small Angle X-Ray Scattering (SAXS) is a powerful analytical technique used to study the nanostructure and morphology of materials. The X-ray source emits an X-ray beam that interacts with the electrons of the sample and is scattered. The detected scattering pattern is characteristic for the nanostructures of the sample and can be used to determine important structural parameters such as particle size

Contact angle measurement is a powerful technique used to determine the wetting properties of a solid surface. It measures the angle formed by the tangent to the liquid-solid interface at the point where a liquid droplet meets a solid surface. The contact angle is a crucial parameter in understanding the interaction between a liquid and a solid surface, and it is widely used in many scientific and industrial applications.

The PP 40 is a programmable press that goes up to 40 t. It allows Ø 40 mm pellets to be made using exactly defined routines and pressure parameters (maximum pressure, ramp up, ramp down and holding time) resulting in repeatable quality.

X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is a powerful analytical technique widely used to determine the chemical composition of a sample. XRF is based on the interaction of X-rays with the electrons of atoms in a sample, which creates a fluorescent Xray with a discrete energy characteristic of the atom and its chemical environment. The emitted X-rays are then measured by a detector, and the intensity and energy of the X-rays provide information about the elements present in the sample.

Ehtewish H, Mesleh A, Ponirakis G, Lennard K, Al Hamad H, Chandran M, Parray A, Abdesselem HA, Wijten P, Decock J, Alajez NM, Ramadan M, Khan S, RAHEEM THAZHE Kuni RAT, Own A, Elsotouhy A, Albagha O, Arredouani A, Blackburn JM, Malik RA, El-Agnaf O. Profiling the Autoantibody Repertoire Reveals Autoantibodies Associated with Mild Cognitive Impairment. 2023. Frontiers in Neurology. Accepted Oct 2023.

Smith M, Abdesselem HB, Mullins M, Tan TM, Nel AJM, Al-Nesf MAY, Bensmail I, Majbour NK, Vaikath NN, Naik A, Ouararhni K, Mohamed-Ali V, Al-Maadheed M, Schell DT, Baros-Steyl SS, Anuar ND, Ismail NH, Morris PE, Mamat RNR, Rosli NSM, Anwar A, Ellan K, Zain RM, Burgers WA, Mayne ES, El-Agnaf OMA, Blackburn JM. Age, Disease Severity and Ethnicity Influence Humoral Responses in a Multi-Ethnic COVID-19 Cohort. Viruses. 2021 Apr 28;13(5):786. doi: 10.3390/v13050786.

Mir FA, Abdesselem HB, Cyprian F, Iskandarani A, Doudin A, Samra TA, Alkasem M, Abdalhakam I, Taheri S, Abou-Samra AB. Inflammatory protein signatures in individuals with obesity and metabolic syndrome. Sci Rep. 2023 Dec 13;13(1):22185. https://doi:10.1038/s41598-023-49643-8.

Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) technique is significantly important to develop thin films with a precision of atomistic growth. Such sequentially pulsed process involves the gaseous phase to build a successive monolayer of film on the substrates. In addition, the reactive process also involves the use of hazardous precursor materials. This technique can be marked as Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) technique where minimum two gas precursors are required to be pulsed sequentially and precisely inside the deposition chamber. Such process includes both pulse and purges.

Raman spectroscopy is a technique that provides a detailed analysis of the chemical composition and structure of materials. It is based on the inelastic scattering of light, which occurs when a sample is illuminated with a monochromatic laser beam. The scattered light contains information about the vibrations of the molecules in the sample. These vibrations can be analyzed to determine the chemical composition and structure of the material. Raman spectroscopy is used in many different fields, including materials science, chemistry, and biology.

Retsch AS 200: The AS 200 is a programmable sieve shaker that sorts powder samples by particle size.