Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is a widely used technique in materials science to investigate the thermal behavior of materials. The technique involves measuring the difference in heat flow between a sample and a reference material as the temperature is changed over a certain range. The sample is heated or cooled at a controlled rate, and the heat flow into or out of the sample is monitored using a set of thermocouples. By measuring the difference in heat flow between the sample and the reference material, changes in the heat capacity, enthalpy, and other thermal properties of the sample can be determined.